Quantum Communication

Quantum Communication studies how to exploit quantum resources (e.g. superposition, entanglement, squeezing) to improve efficiency and security of communication lines. Furthermore, it targets groundbreaking applications such as secure communication, distributed computing, and ultra-precise clock synchronization. It also allows, though quantum key distribution, for the spreading of cryptographic keys, exploiting the fundamental laws of quantum physics, for the secure transmission of sensitive data over long-distance fiber-optic-communication channels. The main objective of this research is to identify and develop suitable architectures of “quantum channels” which, despite the presence of environmental noise, allow for the preservation of the quantum coherence of the transmitted signals (a task that also has a direct impact in quantum computing, by permitting clustering of otherwise independent local quantum devices).

At CNR Nano we target wireless communication platforms, based on innovative light sources, aiming at extending transmission reliability and security of fiber-optics quantum communication to the free-space. We address visionary applications in realistic and/or harsh environments, where the exploitation of non-conventional communication systems based on semiconductor heterostructured lasers provides a groundbreaking advantage over conventional telecom-band sources, due to more favorable free-space propagation properties.

Furthermore, CNR-Nano addresses the characterization of the maximum achievable transmission rates (capacities) for classical or quantum data for a wide collection of quantum channel models (ranging from prototypical settings that employ “flying qubits” as quantum information carriers, to more sophisticated examples of continuous variable systems based on electromagnetic signaling processes). CNR Nano has an internationally recognized role in the theoretical study of memory effects, noise control, and quantum optimization and detection.

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Projects

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